Steel is essential to modern civilization, but its production, which is still largely dependent on coal, is one of the biggest contributors to climate change. The decarbonization of the steel industry requires innovative but still developing technologies, and their deployment poses significant challenges.
The European steel industry is at a turning point, facing high energy costs and the need to reduce emissions. The report looks at available technologies, assesses possible decarbonization paths, and identifies obstacles, uncertainties, and knowledge gaps.